Clinical Applications

l  Evaluation of early glomerular microangiopathy

²  MAU excretion levels of 20-200mg/L indicates that the kidney has been damaged.

²  When the excreted MAU levels exceed 200mg/L, hypoalbuminemia may occur with the development of irreversible nephropathy.  

l  Predicting the risk of kidney injury in diabetic patients

The earliest clinical sign of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the continuous increase in urinary albumin excretion rate and the appearance of microalbuminuria.

l  Early diagnosis of diabetic kidney disease (DKD)

DKD is mainly characterized by microalbuminuria in the early stage. MAU is a very sensitive marker of early kidney damage and an important indicator of early kidney damage in diabetes.

l  Diagnosis and risk stratification of hypertensive kidney injury

Patients with hypertension with increased MAU should be treated with antihypertensive treatment to slow down the damage to the microvessels.

l  Risk prediction of cardiovascular disease

Elevated urinary MAU is an important risk factor for the progression of cardiovascular disease.