Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) is a blood vessel-specific marker of inflammation. Studies have found that Lp-PLA2 is an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease and ischemic stroke. Lp-PLA2 is one of the subtypes in the phospholipase superfamily, also known as platelet activating factor acetylhydrolase, and is secreted by macrophages, T cells, and mast cells in the lining of blood vessels. Lp-PLA2 expression was increased in atherosclerotic plaques, and was strongly expressed in macrophages of vulnerable plaque fiber caps. Lp-PLA2 hydrolyzes oxidized phospholipids in oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) to produce lipid pro-inflammatory substances, such as lysolecithin and oxidized free fatty acids, which in turn produces a variety of atherogenic effects, including endothelial cells Apoptosis and endothelial dysfunction, stimulate the production of adhesion factors and cytokines. These substances can further generate a self-reinforcing cycle through chemotactic inflammatory cells, generating more pro-inflammatory substances. Lp-PLA2 is of great significance in the prediction, treatment and prognosis of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular embolism diseases.